Nutrition rules for gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: include medications recommended by a doctor, physical therapy and a healthy lifestyle.The leading role in the treatment of pathology is given to dietary nutrition - a diet for gastritis can smooth out unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient’s condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles

Diet is a special diet.It includes foods, dishes and drinks that spare the gastric mucosa and are able to adjust the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet led to pathologies of the stomach wall and manifests itself with a low degree of intensity, a balanced diet is enough to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of allowed and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition, which involves adherence to important principles:

• Food restriction in the first two days of the acute stage of the disease.Some doctors recommend abstaining from food altogether in the first hours of an exacerbation, arranging a fasting day.Cool, weak tea and still mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to “rest” from digesting food and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and soft-boiled eggs.
• You need to eat fractionally - in small portions throughout the day.The optimal regimen is 5-6 meals every 3-4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of “approaches” and take long breaks between them.You should also not eat at night - your last meal should be 3 hours before going to bed.
• You should drink liquids (tea, juices, water) at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juices, thereby complicating digestion.You are allowed to drink a glass of still water before meals.
• If possible, eat unsalted foods and try to cook food without salt.
• One-component dishes for gastritis are preferable, in which several products are not mixed at once.Food should be simple and healthy so the stomach will not be overloaded.
• While eating, you need to thoroughly chew every bite and every spoon - the food will be pre-processed already in the oral cavity, and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• There is a strict ban on dry food and snacks on the go or in a hurry.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• The temperature of the food should be comfortable; hot or cold foods irritate the stomach even more.
• It is better to prepare food for gastritis for a maximum of 2 days.If food is stored longer, its nutritional value will be lost and most of the beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Prepared meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and reheated to a pleasant temperature before eating.
• For cooking, use only fresh products purchased from trusted retail outlets.Otherwise, food poisoning with severe intoxication may also be added to gastritis.
• Give preference to products without preservatives, dyes, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not give up physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming, and yoga will help speed up the digestion of food.Also, special attention should be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, follow a daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including for inflammation of the stomach, must provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The diet for acute illness has a lot of restrictions, but the list of products is generally extensive.

Porridge

They are considered the most useful product for patients with gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, needs to start their morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, supply the body with energy and microelements, and, due to their fiber content, improve the functions of the stomach and intestines.

• Oatmeal in the form of flakes is dish No. 1 on the list of allowed foods for gastritis.The liquid consistency of porridge, cooked in water or milk, helps relieve stomach cramps and relieve inflammation.Oatmeal is consumed as a side dish or dessert, adding sugar, permitted fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a slimy consistency, promotes the accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and protein.
• Millet.Millet porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is better to take it in small quantities, and if you have hyperacid gastritis, you should avoid it.
• Rice is a gentle grain that, after cooking, forms mucus that envelops the walls of the stomach.Porridge made from pureed rice can be eaten during exacerbation of gastritis with low and high acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, you should not eat rice.
• Barley porridge coats the gastric mucosa well.But you need to prepare it correctly - boil it in water, waiting for the cereal to be completely boiled while maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat, cooked in the form of milk soup, is healthy; it is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the remission stage of the disease, since hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely boiled and has a slimy consistency.

First courses for gastritis

Soups that are included in the diet should be cooked in a weak broth.Bones, fatty meat and spices are not used in cooking.The ingredients for the soup should be chopped very finely, ideally pureed.To make the dish thicker, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice cereals, with the addition of vegetable oil, but not butter, are slimy.

What to eat first course for gastritis:

• Rice and milk puree soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Rice slimy soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• Low-fat fish soup from perch with parsley and carrots;
• Borscht with beef broth - the beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

By using your imagination and combining permitted types of foods for gastritis, you can prepare a variety of soups - tasty and healthy.

Fish and meat when gastritis

Fish is considered the main supplier of protein to the body; moreover, its meat is quickly digested and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore damaged gastric epithelium and act as an antioxidant.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on its fat content and method of preparation.It is allowed to eat only low-fat varieties of fish: pollock, hake, pike perch, navaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should be eaten only after heat treatment, with the exception of frying.Fish can be steamed or in a slow cooker, eaten boiled, or made into steamed fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés, and fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited for gastritis, but in the remission stage it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes in moderation will help restore the gastric mucosa due to the supply of protein.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But on one condition: the product must be low-fat and not fried.It is better to boil or steam meat before eating; during the remission stage, you are allowed to eat baked meat products.It is preferable to grind the meat into minced meat - this way it is digested faster - and use it for making cutlets, meatballs, zraz, quenelles, and meatballs.

Doctors advise not to mix meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to handle the dish.

Vegetables

Raw vegetables are allowed to be consumed only during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists advise keeping a food diary in which to note the body’s reaction to each type.Vegetables should not contain coarse fibers that irritate the stomach walls.They need to be boiled or stewed.

What can you eat with gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables - pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, bell peppers, peas and young onions;
• White and purple - eggplant, cauliflower, parsnips and potatoes.

Green vegetables should be limited for gastritis with high acidity.Outside of exacerbation of the pathology, you can eat cucumbers, peeled and grated.Vegetables can be used to prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, stews and casseroles.

Fruits, berries, melons

“Fruit” list of what you can and cannot eat with gastritis,includes the following fruits:

• Apples.For any acidity of the stomach, you should buy only sweet varieties and eat them without peels and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary dish - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins, which improve digestion and improve health.
• Bananas.A universal product for any form of gastritis.However, in the acute stage, you should not eat more than one banana per day: half in the morning and in the evening.Only fruits with light yellow skin are suitable for food - overripe and green bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pears.They are considered a harmless and beneficial product for the digestive system.They normalize intestinal function and remove toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only those fruits that are sold by the end of August are suitable for food - they have less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can eat it in moderate quantities in a ground form; it is especially useful for reduced stomach acidity.Berries make up for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are allowed for any type of stomach pathology.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid, which can irritate the stomach lining.The following list includes the safest fruits.But it is better if they undergo heat treatment before inclusion in the diet.

You can make delicious fruit drinks, jelly and compotes from the berries, bake pears and apples.An exception exists for pathologies with insufficient secretion - these patients can eat citruses, berries and fruits raw.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat the fruits separately from the first and second courses.

Dairy and eggs

Dairy products must be included in the diet for gastritis.Whole milk as an independent drink is consumed in moderation - it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is better to add it to tea, porridge and soups.Goat's milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation of internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to prepare casseroles, oven-baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you wish, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just rub it through a fine sieve.

In minimal doses, it is allowed to consume hard cheese – mild and unsalted.Permitted products include fermented baked milk and low-fat sour cream, yogurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make an omelet, steamed, boiled, but not hard-boiled and no more than one egg daily.

Flour and sweets

Crackers and stale white bread have a good effect on the gastric mucosa.Rusks can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, you are allowed to add unsweetened cookies without chocolate or unsweetened buns to your diet.You can eat pasta and vermicelli as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• Honey;
• Semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• Curd soufflé;
• Jelly from natural fruits;
• Non-acidic dried fruits soaked in warm water.

Drinks

For gastritis, the following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed: sweet apples, cherries, pears, peach, cabbage, tomato and potato.Juices should be diluted with cold water and drunk warm.

Rosehip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, still mineral water, jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured diet for inflammation involves avoiding foods that irritate the walls of the stomach, complicate digestion and cause excessive fermentation.For any form of gastritis, the following are prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• French fries;
• All strong fatty broths;
• Okroshka;
• Classic borscht with tomatoes and fried;
• Fried dishes with meat and fish;
• Smoked meats, sausages and frankfurters;
• Fatty types of fish, including canned ones;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• Glazed cheese curds;
• Sour cream and high fat cream;
• Ice cream;
• Cakes and pastries;
• Grapes and juice from them;
• Cabbage;
• Turnips and radishes;
• Onions;
• All types of mushrooms;
• Legumes;
• Swede;
• Canned, pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee – brewed and instant;
• Strongly brewed tea;
• Soda and bread kvass;
• Chocolate and chocolate candies;
• Drinks with chicory;
• Alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and hot spices;
• All types of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish
• Salo;
• Margarine, shortenings and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is imperative to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of acidity and secretory function of the stomach.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can differ significantly.

Diet No. 1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its goal is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table No. 1 imposes a taboo on coarse, spicy, “juice” food, smoked foods, and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Butter pastries, puff pastries;
• Porridges made from millet, corn, egg, pearl barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Greens - garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Sour, unripe, fiber-rich fruits and berries;
• Fried and hard-boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All types of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it includes the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems, and improvement of the condition of the stomach.

Diet No. 2

Developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by reduced secretory function of the stomach.The goal of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, but at the same time protect the mucous membrane from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as dishes that are difficult and take a long time to digest, are prohibited.Foods with a variety of chopped ingredients and different methods of preparation are allowed - stewed, boiled, baked, moderately fried.Vegetables and fruits rich in fiber are shown in grated form.

What not to do for gastritis with low acidity:

• Pearl barley, millet, corn and barley porridge – limited;
• Soups with milk;
• First courses of peas and beans;
• Tough, fibrous meats and poultry;
• Salted and smoked fish;
• Raw, ungrated vegetables;
• Rough varieties of berries and fruits in raw form;
• Dates and figs;
• Sour cream, dairy products with a high content of acids - limited;
• Hard-boiled eggs.

Diets are prescribed during the period of exacerbation of the disease.As the inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their usual, but rational diet.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause exacerbation of pathology and heaviness in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-designed diet.You should be patient, reconsider your lifestyle and pay more attention to your own health.