Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a rather specific symptomatology: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes of a girdle nature, fetid stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of treatment for pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the period of the disease. It is necessary to adhere to medical nutrition for several months.
General principles
Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be sparing. Basic principles of the diet:
- fractional nutrition - food must be taken five to six times a day in small portions;
- dishes should be mashed, which facilitates the process of digesting food;
- permitted cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely prohibited, i. e. not cooked;
- the permissible daily volume of salt is no more than 5 grams;
- it is obligatory to take infusions and decoctions on rosehip berries;
- dishes served to the table should be warm - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- preservation, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / highly salty foods and products are completely prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition can provoke the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Allowed and Prohibited Products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich meat, fish and mushroom broths, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread - today's wheat / rye flour baked goods, puff pastries and pastries, butter-fried pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meat - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, canned food and smoked meats.
- A fish. Fatty varieties, smoked, salted are prohibited.
- Milk and lactic acid products with a high fat content.
- Groats - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnip, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy condiments.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for every day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. It:
- dried loaf, biscuits, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of pureed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steam cutlets, soufflé, dumplings, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat fish varieties - pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - are used to make cereals, casseroles, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steam omelet without yolks;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, green peas;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousses, jellies, puddings, oven-baked apples;
- sauces - dairy and cooked in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not sautéed);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, still mineral water, rosehip decoction, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about what kind of diet is recommended for the patient with an acute form of inflammation, then this is the treatment table 5P. During the first two to four days, complete hunger is recommended to a person. Only liquid intake is allowed - a decoction of rosehip berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient switches to nutritional therapy. The menu is allowed to include unsalted, but carbohydrate-rich dishes.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steam omelette on proteins;
- meat soufflé;
- fish and meat dumplings;
- pureed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable purees;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse;
- fruit drinks from wild rose berries, cranberries, black currants;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of honey dissolved in it, prunes and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When drawing up a menu for a week, it must be remembered that the patient's diet should be varied. When developing a menu for a patient for the whole week, you can use the following recommendations.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beets and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a decoction of rosehip berries, a steam omelet without yolks, weak tea with biscuits, grated oatmeal and berry jelly, pumpkin porridge, rosehip drink, cheese with biscuits, rosehip broth, pureed buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apple stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apple baked with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups are allowed, for example, borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-boiled rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlet, pasta with boiled minced meat, sauté. Snack options: allowed fruit jelly, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, oven-baked potatoes, sandwiches with butter and a slice of cheese, bean puree.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenets, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelet, fermented baked milk, rice porridge pudding and low-fat yogurt.
Alternating dishes, you can create a "tasty" weekly menu that will provide the sick person's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimum nutritional load. You can find recipes for some dishes below.
Nutrition for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, then the menu is allowed to include:
- slimy soups made from rice, oatmeal or semolina;
- mashed porridge, boiled in water, adding milk and butter is strictly prohibited;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- mashed boiled meat, fish;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed soups from oatmeal, rice and semolina, to which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, mashed vegetables - potatoes, carrots, beets - with the addition of milk or cream, steam soufflés, cutlets, etc. dumplings from minced meat and fish.
The strict option is recommended only during the acute period of the disease. After stabilizing the condition, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The leading principles of the children's diet are fragmentation, the maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing, and variety. Small portions, if served frequently, prevent the child from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
The daily calorie intake is calculated based on the weight and age of the child. In the remission stage, the menu is allowed to include fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without adding meat, fish - boiled or baked, boiled vegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, it is allowed to give the child marshmallow, marmalade, jam, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared with diagnosed pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Grind the boiled beef pulp (130 g) in a blender bowl. Add semolina (10 g), whipped egg white, yolk and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Grease the mold with oil, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a double boiler.
Fish dumplings
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of the dried loaf and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with the minced meat, add a couple of whipped proteins. Add salt and mix thoroughly. Form small balls with two spoons and boil them in salted water until tender. This will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until fully cooked potatoes (2 pcs. ), Carrots and half a small zucchini. Drain the broth into a separate bowl, and chop the vegetables until puree using a blender. Pour the puree with broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve warm with a spoonful of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish carcass must be divided into two fillets. Boil the first and rub through a sieve. Grind the second part in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, put egg yolks, butter, salt. Knead. Divide into portion molds and steam.
Chicken soufflé
Grind boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Mix thoroughly. Then gently add whipped whites to the fluffy foam. Put the mass into a mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packs of gelatin according to the instructions. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt from it. Steam a few bananas and peeled peaches. Place foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Form the dessert in layers - biscuit crumbs, yoghurt cream with gelatin, banana-peach puree. Alternate layers. Put the sweetness in the refrigerator to solidify the jelly.
Compliance with the principles of dietary nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving persistent and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the proper approach to development, can be quite varied and fully satisfy all the needs of the body.